User:Candiesrgood/Free State

Hani (文辉文; tr. Kagaraan), officially the United Provinces of Hani (奈文重一的省的文辉文; tr. Naykakaisang Lialawigan Nankagaraan), is a sovereign state consisting of the Malay archipelago, which encircle the westernmost fringes of the Pacific basin. It is a federal constitutional monarchy, with its federal government exercising jurisdiction over a total of twenty-two provinces, a single district, and numerous unorganized territories. It is a archipelagic state consisting of four major island groups: Lusong, Kabisayan, Mindanao, and Borneo. It shares maritime borders with China to the north via the Luzon strait; Indonesia to the south; and Indochina via the South China Sea to the west.

The inhabitants of Hani can trace their ancestry to Austronesian peoples that had travelled from Taiwan. They engaged in varying forms of agriculture, including animal husbandry, wet-rice cultivation, and aquaculture; as well as pottery and textiles. Scholars believe that these social groups developed into increasingly larger settlements with varying degrees of economic specialization, social stratification, and political organization. A few settlements, mostly those based on major river deltas, achieved a sufficiently high level of socio-political complexity to be considered states. These states were highly decentralized, but nevertheless engaged in trade, adopting cultural practices from India, China, and Arabia. However, the majority of the settlements were autonomous barangays which sent tribute and proclaimed allegiance to one of the larger states.

Geography, climate and environment
See also: Geography of Hani and Climate of Hani

Flora and fauna
See also: Flora of Hani and Fauna of Hani

Government and politics
Hani is a multi-party democracy with a constitutional monarchy serving as the sovereign and head of state, though actual involvement in day-to-day basis of governance lies within the head of government, which is the premier. The position of premier is not determined through popular vote, but he/she is rather, appointed by the members of the electoral college. The membership of the latter is in-turn determined through popular vote. In contrast, the vice premier is elected by the popular vote, and serves the role of premier when the incumbent cannot immediately fulfill his/her role. The monarch holds the Crown, which is considered the embodiment and source of the government's power and legitimacy. As monarch, he/she is granted with the privileges associated with the royal prerogative; including the right to declare war, negotiate and ratify treaties, issue passports, and create or dissolve government offices. Additionally, he/she exercises royal assent (which is essential for legislation to pass) and the issuance of edicts.

The legislative branch of the government is the bicameral National Assembly. It consists of the upper House of Councillors, and the lower House of Representatives, which collectively have 280 members with each houses having the same share of seats. Each house works in-conjunction to create, modify, and pass national laws. The members of the two houses are elected every four years in national elections, though unlike positions within the executive branch, there is no maximum term length. In the House of Councillors, each of the fourteen states are granted equal representation, being given ten seats. Meanwhile, in the House of Representatives, seats are apportioned every census (which occurs every five years) in-regards to the capped number of 140. As a result, the most populous state within Hani receives eighty seats, while the least-populous only receives the minimum of eleven seats (the mandated ten seats within the upper house, but only a single seat in the lower house). The National Assembly exhibits a two-party system: split almost evenly between the Nationalist (social conservatism, centralism, elitism) and the Liberal (social liberalism, federalism, populism) parties. There is a clear north-south divide, with the former dominating the north while the latter dominating the south.

Administratively, Hani can be divided into fourteen subdivisions referred to as states; each of which have their own state constitution (therefore establishing their own laws) and their own distinct local government. However, Hani exhibits federal asymmetry, with the federal government being coterminous with the state government of Tondo; therefore, Manila serves as the seat of government of both federal and local governments. In addition, there are seventeen electoral districts or precincts, which are territorial subdivisions used for appointing member of the electoral college. Only voters (constituents) who reside within the district are permitted to vote in an election held there. To account for the sheer size of Tondo, it is divided into three separate districts: North Tondo, the National Capital region (which encompasses the city of Manila), and South Tondo.

The Supreme Court of Hani is the highest court within the Han judicial system. It, along with the Inferior Courts make up the entirety of the federal judiciary. The Supreme Court interprets the Constitution and uses said interpretation to prevent the legislative or executive branch from passing or executing a law/action that would violate the Constitution. As the final interpreter, its decisions overturn all judicial actions of lower courts. Unless a case is not within its jurisdiction, the decision of any case is often treated as legally binding law. The Supreme Court is composed of eight associate justices headed by the Chief Justice, the ninth and highest-ranking justice.

Other
Kulayan (dye or pigment) > Culayan, Colaya, Colaia tala (Sanskrit loanword meaning "star") > Catara Lusong (rice mortar) > Luzon Tondo