Constitution of the Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations

The First (2055) Constitution of the Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations 中华民族联邦共和国第一部宪法(2055)

The following are the major Charters and Articles of the First Constitution active from 1 January 2055. This is the supreme law of the Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations.

''Site under construction... Constitution not completed...''

Principles and Establishment of Rights

 * Article I. The name of this country shall be the Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations.
 * Section I. Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations shall be the sole legitimate identity for all China.
 * Section II. Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations is the legitimate and sole successor of both Republic of China and the People's Republic of China.
 * Article II. The Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations is the federation of the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China.
 * Article III. The Federal Republic of the Chinese Nations is the federation of all Chinese nations (ethnic groups).
 * Article IV. Major public servant offices ranging from President, to Legislative Council members, to provincial Governors and to Mayors are all to be democratically elected by popular vote of a simple majority (over 50%).
 * Article V. All public servants of all ranks, elected or appointed, must pass Public Servant Examination in order to be qualified to serve.
 * Article VI. The government is to be separated into three major branches; namely, the Presidential Cabinet, the Legislative Council and Supreme Judicial Court. Three branches function as monitoring bodies for each other, in order to ensure fulfillment of expectations (job requirements) and prevent abuse of power.
 * Article VII. Values of loyalty, honesty and responsibility are to be held by public servants.
 * Section I. Corruption, lobbying and cover-ups can be prosecuted; including the office of the President.
 * Subsection I. Monitoring of the government from provincial level and below is the responsibility of the relevant local senates, elected by popular vote of a simple majority (over 50%) from the respective local divisions.
 * Subsection II. Monitoring of provincial level government is also reinforced by the provincial level Federal Courts, which answer only to the Judicial branch of the national government.
 * Subsection III. Monitoring of national level government is the responsibility of the Legislative Council and the Supreme Judicial Court of China.
 * Article VIII.Values of human rights are to be strictly upheld.
 * Section I. Tolerance of freedom of speech, freedom of expression and freedom of press. Though, the right to legal actions against defamation is reserved.
 * Section II. Tolerance and mutual respect of all religions and religious practices; as long as national security is not compromised and any other sections of this Article is not violated.
 * Section III. Equal opportunities regardless of race, colour, culture, gender and accent.
 * Section IV. Peaceful demonstrations can be held regardless of topic.
 * Subsection I. Demonstrations needs to be scheduled with local authority in terms of venue, time and size; but local authority has no right to enquire the topic or reason for the demonstration. There shall be specific venues for various sizes of demonstrations provided by each local authorities.
 * Subsection II. Any escalation to violence shall not be tolerated; and riot police would take necessary actions to ensure civil security.
 * Subsection III. Local authorities retain the right to disband and prosecute any unauthorized demonstrations.
 * Seubsection IV. Suppression of peaceful scheduled demonstrations could lead to prosecution.
 * Section V. Death penalties are to be abolished. Humans can make mistakes. Life sentence could instead, be put in place.
 * Section VI. No violence, torture or unfair treatment shall be tolerated; including towards prisoners and criminals.
 * Article IX. Animal rights and environmental protection are values to be observed.

Executive

 * Article I. The President is the head of state and the head of government of the Federal Republic, elected by nationwide popular vote of a simple majority (over 50%).
 * Section I. The President's executive assent is required to approve any bills passed by Legislative Council and has veto power over all bills. The President's veto can be overridden by a supermajority (over four-fifth) of votes from the Legislative Council.
 * Section II. The President retains the right to declare state of emergence; thus, making the President as the supreme commander in chief of all military and paramilitary units of the country.
 * Subsection I. Post state of emergence explanation towards the nationwide citizens and the Legislative Council is required. If explanation is not approved by a simple majority (over 50%) of the Legislative Council, the President shall automatically lose office and the Vice President shall serve the remaining term.
 * Article II. All cabinet members (Minister of Federal Ministries) and cabinet level officers (such as President's Chief of Staff) are to be nominated by the President and approved by the Legislative Council with a simple majority (more than 50%) of votes.
 * Article III. The Vice President is the first in the presidential line of succession. Elected along with the President by nationwide popular vote as the President's running mate.
 * Section I. The Vice President serves as second-in-command in the executive branch and is the representative of the Cabinet in the Legislative Council.
 * Article IV. The office of President has a five years term, renewable once. There is no restriction of terms of office for Vice President and other cabinet members and cabinet level officers.
 * Article V. The office of any Cabinet members and cabinet level officers can be impeached by a supermajority (over four-fifth) of votes from the Legislative Council.
 * Article VI. The office of the President and Vice President can be impeached by an unanimous vote from the Legislative Council, followed by a supermajority (over four-fifth) of nationwide popular vote.

Legislative

 * Article I. Legislative Council members are provincial level representatives elected by popular vote of a simple majority (over 50%) from their respective provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and special administrative regions (SARs).
 * Article II. Legislative Council members have a five years term, renewable indefinitely.
 * Article III. Any bills need a simple majority (over 50%) of votes in order to be passed (Impeachment and Amendment processes have different vote requirements).
 * Article IV. Chairman of Legislative Council is elected by Legislative Council members from amongst the Legislative Council members by the a simple majority vote (over 50%).
 * Section I. Chairman of Legislative Council has a term of five years, renewable once.
 * Section II. Chairman of Legislative Council is the second in the presidential line of succession.
 * Section III. Chairman of Legislative Council, once elected, will lose the seat in the Legislative Council; and a new replacement Council member will be elected from the respective represented provincial level region
 * Section IV. Chairman of Legislative Council serves as the presiding and leading officer in the Legislative Council and only votes to break ties.
 * Article V. The Legislative Council's approval is required to execute major budgets (over ¥1 billion).
 * Article VI. Major military actions and wars require Legislative Council's approval, unless in a state of emergence.

Judicial

 * Article I. The Supreme Judicial Court is an independent government body that protects and guards the rights and justice of the Administrative law and the |Constitutional Law.
 * Article II. The Supreme Judicial Court compromises of a number of high judges (exact number can vary according to requirement) and is headed by seven Supreme Judges.
 * Section I. Supreme Judges are to be nominated by the President and approved by the Legislative Council with a simple majority (more than 50%) of votes.
 * Section II. Supreme Judges have a term of 7 years, renewable indefinitely.
 * Section III. One Supreme Judge is to be inaugurated each year; thus, possibility allowing a change of one-seventh of the Supreme Judicial Court's leadership each year.
 * Section IV. The most senior Supreme Judge of the seven incumbent Supreme Judges is to be the presiding leader of the seven. Though, the senior Supreme Judge has no executive superiority or authority over any of the other six, the title of senior is merely for administrative purposes.
 * Article III. The Supreme Judicial Court has rights to call for investigation and prosecute on any public servant, including the President.
 * Article IV. The Supreme Judicial Court is in charge of Special Judicial Monitoring Committee and Special Judicial Investigation Committee in order to execute its judicial rights and duties.
 * Article V. The Supreme Judicial Court is in charge of all provincial level Federal Courts. Federal courts function to ensure the justice of the local courts under the authority of the Department of Justice.
 * Article VI. Supreme Judicial Court is in charge of Election Monitoring Committee to ensure the fairness of all elections and investigates electoral frauds.
 * Section I. The Committee has 21 executive members; and are appointed (approved by the Legislative Council) and monitored directly by the Supreme Judges (three executive committee members by each Supreme Judge).
 * Section II. The Committee is subdivided into national level, provincial level, prefecture level, county level and township level subcommittees, in order to monitor and ensure the electoral fairness of all levels of elections throughout the country.
 * Article VII. Supreme Judicial Court is in charge of the Public Servant Examination Board, which holds the examinations yearly.

End of the First Constitution (2055). Written, signed and approved by Jia, Yu